3-D CT Reconstruction of the heart, aorta, and pulmonary arteries

http://info.med.yale.edu/surgery/anatomy/radiology/heart_vess_3d_content.php

SLIDE 1
CT reconstruction: 3-D heart, aorta, and pulmonary arteries
- The following movie was reconstructed from a CT study of the heart and great vessels.

SLIDE 2
- [...]
- lots of questions

SLIDE 3 – ?
- many questions

SUMMARY
1. You should be able to explain the spatial relationships of the major vessels and the chambers of the heart
2. You should be able to explain the course of the arch of the aorta and the spatial relationships of the vessels that branch from it

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Pancoast Tumor Chest X-ray and Chest CT

http://info.med.yale.edu/surgery/anatomy/radiology/pancoast_tumor_content.php

SLIDE 1
Goals
- Locate a tumor by applying the surface anatomy (that you’ve learned)
- Use CT to investigate a radio-opacity (high attenuation signal) that appears on the:
- anterior chest wall
- posterior chest wall and lung
- Relate the tumor and normal anatomical features to the sympathetic chain
- learn relations in the hilum of the lung

SLIDE 2
- Pancoast tumor in cross section
- [...]
Question 1
- arch of the aorta (aortic knob)
- border of right atrium
- border of left ventricle
- 2nd rib (angle of louis)
- clavicle (sternal notch)
- hilum of left lung

Question 2a
[...]
- chamberlain procedure (medial thorocostomy)
- 3rd rib
- arch of the aorta (aortic knob)
- trachea
- hilum
- heart
- angle of louis

Question 2b
- Using bilateral symmetry, try to find two radio-opacities (regions that are whiter than the mirror image region on the opposite side of the midline). DO NOT INCLUDE THE HEART.
[...]
-

SLIDE 3
- Pancoast tumor in cross section
[...]

LOTS MORE QUESTIONS AND EXERCISES!

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Normal Chest CT

http://info.med.yale.edu/surgery/anatomy/radiology/normal_chest_ct_content.php

Yale school of medicine

SLIDE 1
Goals
- Learn the basics of windowing a CT image
- Relate CT slices to a scout (coronal) image
- Relate CT slices to surface anatomy

Slide 2
- [...]
- coronal scout image
- lung tissue
- soft tissue

Slide 3
[...]
- soft tissue
- lung tissue
- windowing

Slide 4
[...]
- soft tissue window
- body wall
- mediastinum
- lung tissue window
- lung

Slide 5
[...]
- remember the 4 densities:
- metal (bone)>water,
- muscle > fat > air
[...]
- Look at easy to recognize structures to calibrate your eye.
- the layer just deep to the skin to see how bright fat is
- vertebral column to see how bright bone is
- muscles behind the vertebral column to see how bright muscle is
- the aorta to see how bright blood is (it will be bright if contrast dye was injected into a vein)
- air is always black

SLIDE 6
- Lots of questions

SLIDE 7
[...]

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Chest cross section anatomy at T7

CLICK ON ANY OF THE TERMS BELOW TO VIEW THE CROSS SECTION OF THE CHEST AT T7

ANATOMY BOOKS FOR STUDENTS IN THE HEALTH FIELDS: KNOW ABOUT THEM. CHOOSE ONE.

Terms:

Left side: sternum (body), orifice of tricuspid valve, groove for coronary artery, internal thoracic artery and vein, left atrium, right atrium, interatrial septum, superior vena cava, right inferior pulmonary vein, esophagus, azygos vein, serratus anterior muscle, latissimus dorsi muscle, inferior angle of scapula, triangle of auscultation, neck of 7th rib, zygapophyseal (facet) joint,

Right side: sternum (body), right ventricle, anterior interventricular groove, pectoralis major muscle, apex of the heart, interventricular septum, papillary muscle, left ventricle, leaflet of mitral valve, coronary groove, coronary sinus, oblique pericardial sinus, descending aorta, thoracic duct, latissimus dorsi muscle, triangle of auscultation, head of 7th rib, body of T7 vertebra, trapezius muscle

Chest cross section anatomy at T6

Terms mentioned:

Left side:  Inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes, ascending aorta, right pulmonary artery, superior vena cava, pectoralis major muscle, right lung (at hilum), intercostal muscles, axillary fossa, tendon of long head of biceps brachii muscle, coracobrachialis muscle, deltoid muscle, lateral head of triceps brachii muscle, latissimus dorsi tendon, long head of triceps brachii muscle, teres major muscle, scapula, infraspinatus muscle, rhomboid major muscle, right main bronchus, azygos vein, esophagus

Right side:  Manubriosternal junction, internal thoracic artery and vein, 2nd costal cartilage, pulmonary trunk, left pulmonary artery, left lung (at hilum), pectoralis minor muscle, ribs, long head of biceps brachii muscle, shaft of humerus, latissimus dorsi tendon, teres major muscle, serratus anterior muscle, subscapularis muscle, left main bronchus, descending aorta, hemiazygos vein, trapezius muscle, thoracic duct, T5-T6 intervertebral disc

Source:
Netter Anatomy

Chest cross section anatomy at T5

Terms:

Left side: Superior tracheobronchial lymph node, superior vena cava, right phrenic nerve, arch of azygos vein, right lung, intercostal muscles, serratus anterior muscle, tendon of long head of biceps brachii muscle, latissimus dorsi tendon, shaft of humerus, deltoid muscle, long head of triceps brachii muscle, teres major muscle, teres minor muscle, scapula, eophagu, thoracic duct, T4-T5 intervetebral disc, rhomboid muscle, trapezius muscle

Right side: trachea, thymus gland, manubrium, arch of aorta, internal thoracic artery and vein, left lung, rib, pectoralis major muscle, pectoralis minor muscle, axillary fossa, combined short head of biceps brachii and coracobrachialis muscles, tendon of long head of biceps brachii muscle, shaft of humerus, lateral head of triceps brachii muscle, long head of triceps brachii muscle, left latissimus dorssi tendon (inserting onto humerus), teres major muscle, subcapularis muscle, teres minor muscle, scapula, infraspinatus muscle, oblique fissure (of left lung), left vagus nerve (X), left recurrent laryngeal nerve, spinal cord

Source:
Netter Anatomy

Cross section of chest at T4

Terms listed
Left side: Mediastinal lymph node, sternoclavicular joint (articular disc), clavicle, right brachiocephalic vein, costal cartilage of 1st rib, pectoralis major muscle, right lung, axillary fossa,  tendon of long head of biceps brachii muscle, surgical neck of right humerus, deltoid muscle, teres minor muscle, intercosal muscles, subscapularis muscle, phrenic nerve, right vagus nerve (X), esophagus, rhomboid major muscle, costotransverse joint, trapezius muscle, body of T4 vertebra, spinal cord

Right side: Manubrium, brachiocephalic trunk, trachea, left brachiocephalic vein, left common carotid artery, left vagus nerve (X), pectoralis minor muscle, left subclavian humerus, shaft of left humerus, long head of triceps brachii muscle, teres minor muscle, scapula, left lung, infraspinatus muscle, serratus anterior muscle, left recurrent laryngeal nerve, thoracic duct, erector spinae muscle, rhomboid major muscle, transversopinalis muscle

Normal CT scan of the chest abdomen and pelvis

My CT Scan